Convergent Squint Types
- Congenital Esotropia: when present at birth or within one year of life
- Refractive Esotropia: Due to hypermetropia or far-sightedness
- Acute onset Esotropia: Due to short sightedness and prolonged near work
- Incomitant Esotropia: Due to neurological disorders; vasculopathy secondary to metabolic disorders
- Sensory Esotropia: Due to poor vision
- Esotropia associated with special strabismus like Duane Syndrome
Convergent Squint Diagnosis
- Assessment of vision in each eye
- Refraction to rule out refractive errors (power): myopia; hypermetropia; astigmatism
- Assessment of angle of squint for distance and near using prism
- Assessment of eye movements
- Assessment of binocular vision and 3D vision
- Assessment of double vision
- Complete eye evaluation
Convergent Squint Treatment
- Congenital or infantile esotropia requires surgery or Botox injections into eye muscles
- Refractive esotropia requires glass prescription; some may need bifocals
- Acute onset esotropia may require surgery provided MRI brain scan is normal
- Incomitant esotropia depending on the type, may require surgery; prism glasses or Botox injection
- Sensory esotropia will require surgery for cosmetic reasons
Convergent Squint Complications
- Loss of vision in one or both eyes
- Binocular vision problems
- Double vision; loss of 3 D vision
Written by: Dr. Manjula Jayakumar – Sr. Consultant Ophthalmologist, TTK Road
